基本的な文の構造:主語 + 動詞 + 間接目的語 + 直接目的語 (S–V–IO–DO)

A2 英検準2級 初中級

subject + verb + indirect object + direct object

説明

Use this pattern when one person gives, sends, shows, or buys something for another person.

In "She gave me a book," "She" is the subject, "gave" is the verb, "me" is the indirect object, and "a book" is the direct object. The order is important in English: the person usually comes before the thing. Japanese often says "私に本をくれた," so the idea is similar, but English needs a fixed word order and often an article like "a" or "the." You can also say "She gave a book to me," but "She gave me a book" is the natural IO + DO pattern.

例文

  • She gave me a pen. 彼女は私にペンをくれました。
  • Please send him the address. 彼に住所を送ってください。
  • Did you show her the photo? 彼女にその写真を見せましたか。
  • I bought my son a new bag. 私は息子に新しいかばんを買いました。
  • He didn't tell us the plan. 彼は私たちに計画を話しませんでした。
  • Can you lend me your charger? 充電器を貸してくれますか。

よくある間違い

Japanese learners often keep the Japanese order and say "She gave a pen me." The correct English is "She gave me a pen." The indirect object usually comes before the direct object, and the word order cannot be changed freely.

練習してみましょう この文法ポイントの穴埋めクイズに挑戦しましょう。