Past Continuous with Interrupted Actions

A2 Eiken Pre-2 Elementary

was/were + verb-ing + when + past simple

Explanation

Use the past continuous for an action that was already in progress in the past. Then use the past simple for the action that interrupted it.

In "I was cooking when you called," "was cooking" shows the action in progress, and "when you called" shows the shorter action that happened in the middle. Japanese often uses one sentence with "〜していたとき" to show this idea, but English keeps the two actions clear with two verb forms. Remember that "I was" is for one person or thing, and "we were" is for more than one.

Examples

  • I was cooking when you called. あなたが電話してきたとき、私は料理をしていました。
  • She was reading when the lights went out. 電気が消えたとき、彼女は本を読んでいました。
  • Were you sleeping when I texted you? 私がメッセージを送ったとき、寝ていましたか。
  • We were not watching TV when the storm started. 嵐が始まったとき、私たちはテレビを見ていませんでした。
  • He was walking to school when it began to rain. 雨が降り始めたとき、彼は学校へ歩いて行っていました。
  • While I was waiting for the bus, I met an old friend. バスを待っていたら、昔の友達に会いました。

Common Mistakes

Japanese learners often use the past simple for both actions, or forget "was/were."

Wrong: "I cooked when you called."

Right: "I was cooking when you called."

Also remember the subject-verb match:

Wrong: "They was playing when I arrived."

Right: "They were playing when I arrived."

Ready to practice? Try a quick fill-in-the-blank quiz on this grammar point.