Independent Clauses

A1 Eiken 3 Beginner

subject + verb (+ object/complement)

Explanation

An independent clause is a complete sentence that can stand alone. It has a subject and a verb, and it gives a full idea.

For example, "My brother likes coffee." Here, "My brother" is the subject. "Likes" is the verb, and "coffee" is the object. In Japanese, you can often leave out the subject, but English usually needs it. A question like "Do you work on Saturdays?" is also an independent clause, because it can stand alone as a full sentence.

Examples

  • I live in Tokyo. 私は東京に住んでいます。
  • My brother likes coffee. 私の兄はコーヒーが好きです。
  • It is raining. 雨が降っています。
  • Do you work on Saturdays? 土曜日に働きますか。
  • She doesn't eat meat. 彼女は肉を食べません。
  • Please open the window. 窓を開けてください。

Common Mistakes

Japanese learners often make a fragment by leaving out the subject or the verb, for example "Busy today." -> "I am busy today." Another common error is "Is raining." -> "It is raining." English usually needs a subject in every independent clause.

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