Exclamatory Sentences

A2 Eiken Pre-2 Elementary

What a/an + adjective + noun! / How + adjective/adverb + subject + verb!

Explanation

Use exclamatory sentences to show strong feeling, especially surprise, admiration, or shock.

A common pattern is "What a lovely room this is!" Here "What" starts the exclamation, "a" is needed because "room" is a singular countable noun, "lovely" describes the room, and "this is" finishes the clause.

If the noun is uncountable, drop the article, as in "What terrible weather!" Use "How" before an adjective or adverb, as in "How cold it is!" Japanese often uses "なんて〜" or "〜だなあ" without changing the noun phrase, but English must choose the right pattern and article.

Examples

  • What a nice cake! なんておいしそうなケーキなんだろう。
  • What terrible weather! なんてひどい天気なんだろう。
  • What a lovely room this is! なんて素敵な部屋なんだろう。
  • How cold it is! なんて寒いんだろう。
  • How could you forget my birthday?! どうして私の誕生日を忘れられるの?!
  • I can't believe how busy the station was. 駅がどれだけ混んでいたか信じられない。

Common Mistakes

Japanese learners often say "What beautiful day!" by leaving out "a" before a singular countable noun. The natural English is "What a beautiful day!" Another common error is using "How" before a noun phrase, for example "How a nice idea!" The correct form is "What a nice idea!" For "How," use an adjective or adverb instead, such as "How beautiful it is!" or "How quickly she runs!"

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