The Passive Voice

B2 Eiken Pre-1 Upper-intermediate

be + past participle

Explanation

Use the passive voice when the result is more important than the doer. In a passive sentence, the thing affected by the action becomes the subject.

For example, "The cake was made by my sister." Here, "The cake" is the subject, "was" shows past time, and "made" is the past participle. "By my sister" tells us who did the action, but we can leave it out if it is not important. Japanese often says this idea with a passive form or by simply focusing on the result, so English learners need to remember the extra verb "be".

Examples

  • The letter was sent yesterday. その手紙は昨日送られました。
  • The room is cleaned every morning. その部屋は毎朝掃除されます。
  • Was your bag found at the station? あなたのバッグは駅で見つかりましたか。
  • The windows were not opened. 窓は開けられませんでした。
  • My phone is being repaired now. 私のスマホは今修理されています。
  • The new bridge will be opened next month. 新しい橋は来月開通します。

Common Mistakes

Japanese learners often leave out "be" and write a past participle as if it were a full verb.

Wrong: "The report sent yesterday."

Right: "The report was sent yesterday."

In English, the passive needs a form of "be" plus the past participle.

Ready to practice? Try a quick fill-in-the-blank quiz on this grammar point.