Gradable and Non-Gradable Adjectives

A2 Eiken Pre-2 Elementary

very + gradable adjective; absolutely/completely + non-gradable adjective

Explanation

Use gradable adjectives for qualities that can be stronger or weaker. With them, you can use words like "very", "quite", "a little", and "too". Non-gradable adjectives already have a strong meaning, so "very" is usually wrong with them.

For example, in "My coffee is very hot.", "My coffee" is the thing we talk about, "is" links it to the adjective, and "very" makes "hot" stronger. "Hot" is gradable because something can be more or less hot. In Japanese, you may use "とても" with many adjectives, but English needs the right degree word, or no degree word at all.

Examples

  • My coffee is very hot. 私のコーヒーはとても熱いです。
  • This bag is a little heavy. このかばんは少し重いです。
  • Is the soup too salty? このスープはしょっぱすぎますか。
  • I am not very tired today. 今日はあまり疲れていません。
  • The battery is completely dead. その電池は完全に切れています。
  • Her plan was almost perfect. 彼女の計画はほぼ完璧でした。

Common Mistakes

Japanese learners often put "very" before every adjective, for example "This is very unique." But "unique" already means "one of a kind," so the correct form is "This is unique." Use "very" with gradable adjectives like "hot" or "busy".

Ready to practice? Try a quick fill-in-the-blank quiz on this grammar point.