説明
This pattern is the easiest full sentence shape in English. The subject tells who does the action, the verb tells the action, and the adverbial tells where, when, or how.
In "I study at home every day," "I" is the subject, "study" is the verb, and "at home every day" is the adverbial. English usually needs the subject, even when Japanese often omits it. Japanese can say "家で毎日勉強します," but English needs "I" or another subject in the sentence.
この文型は、英語のいちばん基本的な完全な文です。主語は「だれが」を表し、動詞は「何をするか」を表し、副詞句は「どこで」「いつ」「どのように」を表します。
たとえば "I study at home every day." では、"I" が主語、"study" が動詞、"at home every day" が副詞句です。英語では主語を省かずに入れるのが普通です。日本語は「家で毎日勉強します」と主語を言わなくても自然ですが、英語では "I" などの主語が必要です。
例文
- I study at home every day. 私は毎日家で勉強します。
- She works in a cafe on weekdays. 彼女は平日はカフェで働いています。
- We eat dinner at six. 私たちは6時に夕食を食べます。
- Do you live near the station? 駅の近くに住んでいますか。
- He does not drive to work. 彼は車で通勤しません。
- My brother often reads before bed. 兄は寝る前によく本を読みます。
よくある間違い
Japanese learners often drop the subject or put the words in Japanese order.
Wrong: "Study at home every day."
Right: "I study at home every day."
Wrong: "I at home study every day."
Right: "I study at home every day."
English needs the subject first, then the verb.
日本語のように主語を省いたり、語順をそのまま当てはめたりしやすいです。
誤り: "Study at home every day."
正しくは "I study at home every day."
誤り: "I at home study every day."
正しくは "I study at home every day."
英語では、主語のあとに動詞を置きます。