基本的な文の構造:主語 + 連結動詞 + 主語補語 (S–V–C)

A1 英検3級 初級

subject + be + subject complement

説明

Use this pattern to say what a person or thing is, or what it is like. The verb is "be": "am", "is", or "are". The subject complement comes after it and gives more information about the subject.

For example, in "My father is a teacher," "My father" is the subject, "is" is the linking verb, and "a teacher" is the subject complement. It does not show an action. It only links the subject to a name or description. Japanese often says this with "です" or "だ", so learners may forget the English verb "be".

例文

  • She is happy. 彼女は幸せです。
  • I am a student. 私は学生です。
  • Is this your bag? これはあなたのバッグですか。
  • We are not late. 私たちは遅刻していません。
  • My father is a teacher. 私の父は先生です。
  • The soup is cold. そのスープは冷たいです。

よくある間違い

Japanese learners often omit "be" and say "She happy" or "My father teacher". In English, you need the linking verb: "She is happy" and "My father is a teacher". Another common error is using the wrong form of "be", such as "I is". Use "I am", "he/she/it is", and "you/we/they are".

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