不確実な状況や予想される出来事に対して「if」と「when」を使用する

B1 英検2級 中級

if/when + present simple, will + verb

説明

Use "if" for a condition that may or may not happen. Use "when" for an event you expect to happen. In both clauses, English usually uses the present simple, not "will".

For example, "If it rains, we will stay home." Here "If it rains" is the condition, and "it rains" is present simple. "We will stay home" is the result. Japanese often uses "〜たら" or "〜とき" for both ideas, but English chooses "if" or "when" very clearly.

例文

  • If it rains, we will stay home. 雨が降ったら、家にいます。
  • When you finish your homework, you can watch TV. 宿題が終わったら、テレビを見てもいいです。
  • If I miss the bus, I will be late for the meeting. バスに乗り遅れたら、会議に遅刻する。
  • Call me when you get home. 家に着いたら電話してください。
  • If the restaurant is closed, we will go to the station cafe. もしレストランが閉まっていたら、駅のカフェに行きます。
  • What will you do when your parents arrive? 両親が着いたら、何をしますか。

よくある間違い

Japanese learners often put "will" in the if/when clause.

Wrong: "If it will rain, we will stay home."

Right: "If it rains, we will stay home."

Wrong: "When you will arrive, call me."

Right: "When you arrive, call me."

Use present simple after "if" and "when".

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