義務を表す際に「have to」を使う

A2 英検準2級 初中級

have/has to + base verb

説明

"Have to" shows obligation or necessity. It means that something is necessary, often because of rules, plans, or real life needs.

For example, in "I have to finish this report before lunch," "I" is the person who feels the obligation, "have to" means "it is necessary," "finish this report" is the action, and "before lunch" gives the time limit. In Japanese, this is often "〜しなければならない" or "〜する必要がある." Be careful: "don't have to" means "not necessary," not "not allowed."

例文

  • I have to get up early. 私は早く起きなければなりません。
  • She has to wear a uniform. 彼女は制服を着なければなりません。
  • Do we have to pay now? 今、支払わなければなりませんか。
  • You don't have to come if you're busy. 忙しければ、来なくてもいいです。
  • He has to take the train every day. 彼は毎日電車に乗らなければなりません。
  • I have to finish this report before lunch. 私は昼食までにこのレポートを終えなければなりません。

よくある間違い

Japanese learners often leave out "to" after "have."

Wrong: "I have go to school."

Right: "I have to go to school."

Another common mistake is using "don't have to" to mean "must not."

Wrong: "You don't have to smoke here" if you mean prohibition.

Right: "You must not smoke here" for a ban, or "You don't have to smoke here" for no obligation.

練習してみましょう この文法ポイントの穴埋めクイズに挑戦しましょう。