現在分詞

B1 英検2級 中級

noun + present participle phrase

説明

Use a present participle, the "-ing" form of a verb, to describe a noun.

In "The woman sitting by the window is my teacher," "the woman" is the noun, and "sitting by the window" tells us which woman. "Sitting" shows an action in progress, but here it works like a short relative clause, so it means "the woman who is sitting by the window." Japanese often puts this idea before the noun, but English usually puts the "-ing" phrase after the noun. Do not add "who" or "is" before the participle, or the sentence becomes wrong.

例文

  • I saw a boy running across the road. 私は道路を走って渡っている男の子を見ました。
  • There is a cat sleeping on the sofa. ソファで眠っている猫がいます。
  • The woman sitting by the window is my teacher. 窓際に座っている女性は私の先生です。
  • Are you talking about the man wearing glasses? メガネをかけている男性のことを言っていますか。
  • I don't like people shouting on the train. 電車の中で大声を出す人は好きではありません。
  • Which bag hanging on the chair is yours? 椅子にかかっているどのバッグがあなたのものですか。

よくある間違い

Japanese learners often add "who" or "is" before the -ing form.

Wrong: "The man who standing by the door is my father."

Right: "The man standing by the door is my father."

Put the -ing phrase directly after the noun.

練習してみましょう この文法ポイントの穴埋めクイズに挑戦しましょう。