過去分詞

B1 英検2級 中級

have/has + past participle

説明

Past participles are the verb form you use after "have" or "has" in the present perfect.

For example, "I have finished my homework." Here, "I" is the subject, "have" is the helper verb, and "finished" is the past participle. The sentence means the homework is complete now, so English shows a link to the present. Japanese often says "宿題を終えた" with a plain past form, but English needs the helper verb plus the past participle. Some past participles are irregular, like "gone," "taken," and "written."

例文

  • I have finished my homework. 私は宿題を終えました。
  • She has already left. 彼女はもう出発しました。
  • Have you ever seen Mount Fuji? 富士山を見たことがありますか。
  • We have not started dinner yet. 私たちはまだ夕食を始めていません。
  • He has taken the train to work today. 彼は今日、電車で仕事に行きました。
  • They have just moved to Osaka. 彼らはちょうど大阪に引っ越しました。

よくある間違い

Japanese learners often use the past simple form after "have" or "has": "I have ate breakfast." The right form is "I have eaten breakfast." They also often forget the helper verb: "I eaten breakfast." → "I have eaten breakfast." After "have/has," use the past participle, not the plain past form.

練習してみましょう この文法ポイントの穴埋めクイズに挑戦しましょう。