Using "wish" About the Past - Past Perfect Forms for Regret

B2 Eiken Pre-1 Upper-intermediate

wish + subject + had + past participle

Explanation

Use "wish + had + past participle" to show regret about the past. It means something is finished, and you want it to be different now.

In "I wish I had studied harder for the exam," "I" is the person feeling regret, "wish" shows that feeling, and "had studied" shows the earlier action that did not happen enough. "Harder for the exam" tells us what the study was for. Japanese often says "〜しておけばよかった," but English shows this regret with "had + past participle."

Examples

  • I wish I had gone to bed earlier. もっと早く寝ておけばよかった。
  • She wishes she had called her mother. 彼女は母親に電話しておけばよかったと思っている。
  • Do you wish you had studied more for the test? テスト勉強をもっとしておけばよかったと思いますか。
  • We wish we had not missed the train. 電車に乗り遅れなければよかった。
  • He wishes he had listened to the advice. 彼はその助言を聞いておけばよかったと思っている。
  • I wish I had known about the meeting sooner. 会議のことをもっと早く知っていればよかった。

Common Mistakes

Japanese learners often say "I wish I studied harder for the exam" when they mean past regret. Use "had studied" instead: "I wish I had studied harder for the exam." The simple past after "wish" usually shows a present regret, not a past one.

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