Grammar

Browse grammar points by category.

Sentence Structure

This category explains how words, phrases, and clauses are arranged to form complete sentences. It includes basic sentence patterns, word order, subjects and predicates, and how different parts of a sentence work together.

Verb and Verb Forms

This category focuses on verbs and the different forms they can take. It includes base verbs, infinitives, participles, auxiliary verbs, and the difference between main verbs and helping verbs.

Verb Tenses and Aspect

This category explains how verbs show time and the nature of an action or situation. It covers past, present, and future forms, as well as whether something is completed, continuing, repeated, or connected to another time.

Present Simple Tense A1 · Eiken 3 Present Simple Tense for Habits and Routines A1 · Eiken 3 Present Simple Tense for Facts and General Truths A1 · Eiken 3 Present Simple Tense for Schedules A2 · Eiken Pre-2 Present Simple Tense - Negatives A1 · Eiken 3 Present Simple Tense for Questions A1 · Eiken 3 Present Continuous Tense A2 · Eiken Pre-2 Past Simple Tense A2 · Eiken Pre-2 Present Continuous Tense for Actions Happening Now A2 · Eiken Pre-2 Present Continuous for Temporary Situations A2 · Eiken Pre-2 Present Continuous for Trends and Ongoing Changes A2 · Eiken Pre-2 Present Continuous for Future Arrangements A2 · Eiken Pre-2 Past Continuous Tense B1 · Eiken 2 Present Continuous for Negatives & Questions A2 · Eiken Pre-2 Present Simple Versus Present Continuous A2 · Eiken Pre-2 Past Simple for Completed Events A2 · Eiken Pre-2 Past Simple for Past Sequences A2 · Eiken Pre-2 Past Simple Negatives A2 · Eiken Pre-2 Past Simple Questions A2 · Eiken Pre-2 Present Perfect Tense B1 · Eiken 2 Past Continuous for Actions in Progress A2 · Eiken Pre-2 Past Continuous with Interrupted Actions A2 · Eiken Pre-2 Past Simple Versus Past Continuous B1 · Eiken 2 Using "used to" for Past Habits and States A2 · Eiken Pre-2 Present Perfect for Life Experience B1 · Eiken 2 Present Perfect for Recent Events B1 · Eiken 2 Present Perfect with Unfinished Time B1 · Eiken 2 Present Perfect with "for" & "since" B1 · Eiken 2 Present Perfect with "already," "yet," & "just" B1 · Eiken 2 Past Perfect Tense B1 · Eiken 2 Present Perfect Continuous B2 · Eiken Pre-1 Present Perfect Simple Versus Continuous B2 · Eiken Pre-1 Present Perfect Versus Past Simple B1 · Eiken 2 Past Perfect Continuous B2 · Eiken Pre-1 Future Tense B1 · Eiken 2 Future with "be going to" Using "will" Versus "be going to" B1 · Eiken 2 Future Continuous B1 · Eiken 2 Future Perfect B2 · Eiken Pre-1 Future Time Clauses B1 · Eiken 2

Nouns and Articles

This category covers nouns and the words commonly used with them. It includes singular and plural nouns, countable and uncountable nouns, possessive forms, and the use of a, an, and the.

Pronouns & Determiners

This category explains words that replace nouns or help identify and describe them. It includes pronouns such as I, you, he, she, and they, as well as determiners such as this, that, some, any, each, and many.

Adjectives and Adverbs

This category covers words that add description or detail. Adjectives describe nouns, while adverbs often describe verbs, adjectives, other adverbs, or whole sentences.

Questions and Negatives

This category explains how to ask questions and how to make negative statements. It includes question word order, question words such as who, what, where, and why, and negative forms using not, do, does, and did.

Modal Verbs

This category covers verbs such as can, could, may, might, must, should, and would. Modal verbs are used to express meanings such as ability, possibility, permission, advice, obligation, certainty, and polite requests.

Comparison

This category explains how to compare people, objects, places, and situations. It includes comparative forms such as bigger and more expensive, superlatives such as the biggest and the most expensive, and other ways of showing similarity and difference.

Prepositions

This category covers words that show relationships between other parts of a sentence. Prepositions such as in, on, at, to, from, for, and with can express time, place, direction, movement, cause, purpose, and other relationships.

Clauses and Conjunctions

This category explains how ideas are connected within sentences. It includes main and subordinate clauses, relative clauses, and conjunctions such as and, but, because, if, although, and while.

Independent Clauses A1 · Eiken 3 Dependent Clauses A2 · Eiken Pre-2 Coordinating Conjunctions A1 · Eiken 3 Using "and" for Addition A1 · Eiken 3 Using "but" & "next" for Contrast A1 · Eiken 3 Using "or" for Alternatives A1 · Eiken 3 Using "so" for Results A2 · Eiken Pre-2 Using "because" for Reasons A2 · Eiken Pre-2 Using "because" & "because of" A2 · Eiken Pre-2 Using "although," "though," & "even though" B1 · Eiken 2 Using "despite" & "in spite of" - Contrast Followed by Nouns or Gerunds B1 · Eiken 2 When Clauses - Time Relationships Involving Events B1 · Eiken 2 Before and After Clauses - Sequence of Events B1 · Eiken 2 While Clauses - Simultaneous Actions or Contrast B1 · Eiken 2 Until Clauses - Continuing Situations up to a Point B1 · Eiken 2 Using "as soon as" Clauses B1 · Eiken 2 Defining Relative Clauses B1 · Eiken 2 Non-defining Relative Clauses B2 · Eiken Pre-1 Relative Clauses with "who" B1 · Eiken 2 Relative Clauses with "which" B1 · Eiken 2 Relative Clauses with "that" B1 · Eiken 2 Relative Clauses with "whose" B1 · Eiken 2 Relative Clauses with "where" & "when" B1 · Eiken 2 Omitting Relative Pronouns B1 · Eiken 2 Zero Conditional - General Truths and Repeated Results A2 · Eiken Pre-2 First Conditional - Realistic Future Conditions and Results B1 · Eiken 2 Second Conditional - Unlikely Present and Future Situations B1 · Eiken 2 Third Conditional - Unreal Past Conditions and Results B2 · Eiken Pre-1 Mixed Conditionals - Conditions and Results Referring to Different Times B2 · Eiken Pre-1 Using "unless" - Negative Conditions Meaning "if not" B1 · Eiken 2 Using "if" & "when" for Uncertain Conditions and Expected Events B1 · Eiken 2 Using "wish" About the Present and Past Forms for Unreal Present Situations B2 · Eiken Pre-1 Using "wish" About the Past - Past Perfect Forms for Regret B2 · Eiken Pre-1

Special Verb Structures

This category covers important verb patterns and constructions that do not fit neatly into the other verb categories. Examples include verb + infinitive, verb + -ing, causative structures such as have something done, and other common patterns that learners need to recognize and use correctly.