Relative Clauses with "which"

B1 Eiken 2 Intermediate

noun + which + subject + verb

Explanation

Use "which" to identify or describe a thing. The information essential to identify the noun. It helps the listener know which thing you mean.

For example, "This is the bag which I bought yesterday." Here, "the bag" is the noun. "Which I bought yesterday" is the relative clause, and it tells us which bag. Japanese often puts this information before the noun, like "昨日買ったバッグ", but English puts it after the noun.

Examples

  • This is the bag which I bought yesterday. これは私が昨日買ったバッグです。
  • I like the song which plays at the end of the movie. 私は映画の最後に流れる歌が好きです。
  • The chair which is near the window is broken. 窓の近くにある椅子は壊れています。
  • Do you know the cafe which stays open late? 夜遅くまで開いているカフェを知っていますか。
  • I can't find the key which I used this morning. 今朝使った鍵が見つかりません。
  • We need a hotel which is cheap and close to the station. 安くて駅に近いホテルが必要です。

Common Mistakes

Japanese learners often forget the verb inside the relative clause.

Wrong: "I want the room which next to the station."

Right: "I want the room which is next to the station."

In English, the clause still needs a verb like "is".

Ready to practice? Try a quick fill-in-the-blank quiz on this grammar point.